Ing. Jan Uhlíř

* 1944

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  • "When I was elected [to the Trade Union Movement], I came [to the office] on 8 [December 1989]. The secretary had worked with us before in the strike committee. When I got there, I broke the desk, and my predecessor, who had been ill for a long time, was the coordinator of the Communist Party informers for the district committee. And he hadn't had time to send that last file of handwritten reports from those various departments. So it was in the desk. I read it. And it was such nonsense and such bullshit that I decided to shove it to the bottom of the archives and not tell anybody about it because people would get mad - at that point. When I told my friends years later, they agreed that it was the best thing I could have done. In the atmosphere of the end of '89, to point out by name which people..." - "What was there?" - "Well, various... I don't remember exactly. I'd rather forget it. But it was reports from individual informants from individual [departments], how who was behaving, what they were doing, what the mood was like there, and so on. Some of [the reports] were futile and some of them were swine-like, with people there...wanting revenge on each other and things like that." - "And did you find yourself there?" - "I didn't find myself there because I didn't find material from my office."

  • It was about two things. First, making sure the [congress participants] had somewhere to sleep, so we were hauling straw mattresses. And second, making sure there were escape routes, because there were Russian transporters driving down the street, and we didn’t know when someone might report us... So that’s what we were taking care of." - "That was in Vysočany, right?" - "Yes, that was in Vysočany. It was in the cafeteria of the electrical engineering plant." - "And what kind of escape routes were you setting up?" - "Well, setting up... not really. We were just finding them, because it was a huge complex. So we needed to know where to go to hide in the foundry, or how to get out toward the railway line, or things like that. All of that had to be explored and mapped out. And sometimes even negotiated—like, to make sure they’d do what was needed, like people did for parachutists in World War II, to hide them or something like that. So it wasn’t simple. And some of the people involved in that later became proper normalization-era Communists again."

  • "We wore black ribbons. Once, with a bag full of printed material, about two or three days [after the occupation began], I was caught on the embankment by two soldiers, slant-eyed, they were some Asiatic Russians. And I was really scared. They were bothered by the black ribbon, because for the Russians it was a sign of anarchists. And this one guy was poking me in the stomach with a gun, and I could see that he was armed, and I thought, if they're going to shoot some exhaust now... he was as scared as I was, they were freaked out. So I was scared when this one guy was poking me in the stomach with a gun to keep it from finding me. Luckily he didn't, but I gotta tell you, when somebody's pointing a gun at you, and you know on top of that they're as scared as you are, it's a really bad feeling." - "The black ribbons, explain that to me." - "We wore black ribbons as a sign of mourning, in the early days of the occupation. Well, the Russians thought it was a sign of anarchists."

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    Újezd nad Lesy, 14.03.2025

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It’s a mistake that after the revolution nobody cared about the party archives

Jan Uhlíř in 2025
Jan Uhlíř in 2025
photo: Post Bellum

Ing. Jan Uhlíř was born on 18 February 1944 in Prague into the family of František Uhlíř, a clerk, and Anežka Uhlířová, who worked as a seamstress. In 1950 he entered primary school in Pankrác, then graduated from the grammar school in Budějovická street, where he completed an apprenticeship at the JAWA company and trained as a turner. In 1962 he was admitted to the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at the Czech Technical University. During his studies he became active in the organisation of student life. In 1967 he joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia with the intention of reforming it from within, inspired by the reformist wing of the party. He completed his studies and joined the ČKD as a technological designer. During the crucial days of the occupation in August 1968, he participated in the logistical support of the extraordinary congress of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, which was held at the ČKD in Vysočany. He also distributed uncensored information and found himself in direct danger of his life during a clash with a Soviet soldier. After the occupation he wanted to be expelled from the Communist Party, but the regime made it difficult for him - he was expelled and labelled politically unreliable. However, he could have stayed in the ČKD, but because of the cadre restrictions he could not grow professionally. Nevertheless, in the second half of the 1980s, as an expert, he was unofficially approached to participate in the assembly documentation for secret strategic projects, such as the anti-nuclear gates in the Prague metro. In 1989, he played an important role in organising the general strike at both the ČKD company and at the national level, which contributed to the fall of the communist regime. After the revolution, he was elected chairman of the trade union at ČKD and subsequently became chairman of the Kovo trade union. He also served on the supervisory board of Škoda Auto. He advocated strong trade unions and criticised that the transformation of the economy was chaotic and without sufficient expertise. He was active in the union for twenty years before retiring. He is married and has got two daughters. In 2025 he lived in Újezd nad Lesy.