Adolf Köpf

* 1938

  • "Then we were evicted. I was in the fields with my father and we saw the refugees from the interior already moving to Austria. We were still at home then. Then we also moved away. Because we lived just over the border, my father often went to Hadres in Austria with the cows and took, for example, a beet machine or certain things to Austria. By then we had relatives and friends in Hadres. The Austrians worked the fields near our border. Grain and so on, and when it was hot, they would come to Ječmeniště to get water to drink."

  • "After our expulsion in May or June, the farmers had their fields tilled. The Czechs harvested the fields. I don't want to scold them, but the Czech farmers... Until Znojmo everything was German, but from Znojmo to the interior there were more and more Czechs. The first Czechoslovaks who settled in the borderland were not the best farmers, the best farmers stayed at home and did not go to the borderland. The fields were cultivated by the Germans and the crops were harvested by the Czechs. With the arrival of the Czechs, the harvest got worse every year. Those who were resettled were not proper farmers."

  • "Once I was driving with my brother-in-law along the Austrian-Czech border. We cycled and visited several villages. Then I said to my brother-in-law, 'Look, there's a kindergarten over there.' A Czech woman heard us speaking German and started swearing at us. But otherwise we had no contact and we didn't want any trouble either. I'm sure there is still hostility towards Austrians or Germans today and vice versa."

  • "It was late in the evening, the whole sky over Znojmo was illuminated, one plane after another. My father took my sister and me and we ran away from the school. Behind the school my father had a vineyard where he had dug a hole, a shelter. When the planes flew, we ran with our blankets into this hole. We were hiding because we were afraid."

  • Full recordings
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    Znojmo, 19.06.2025

    (audio)
    duration: 01:08:25
    media recorded in project Living Memory of the Borderlands
Full recordings are available only for logged users.

I stood on the hill and looked home

Adolf Köpf in 1960
Adolf Köpf in 1960
photo: Witness´s archive

Adolf Köpf was born on 16 December 1938 in Ječmeniště near Znojmo into a family of Sudeten Germans. His father Franz was not able to join the army because of his sight problems, and the family farmed on the Czech-Austrian border. At the end of the war he experienced air raids and the arrival of Soviet soldiers. In June 1945, he and his parents were expelled to Hadres, Austria, where his father had already transferred part of his property. They returned several more times for more equipment until the border was closed in 1948. In 1952 the barley farm was destroyed. In Austria they lived in poverty, moved several times, and their parents worked as day labourers. Adolf herded cows and later worked as a customs guard on the Austrian side of the border. Although he initially felt like a “foreign element” in Austria, he eventually integrated. After 1989, he began to visit his native borderlands again. In 2025 he was living in Watzelsdorf.