Ludvík Kolský

* 1947

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  • "Dad was then jailed for disclosing state secrets. He was convicted, but then fortunately they reclassified it as attempted disclosure of state secrets, so he got a lesser amount and did about two and a half years. And the disclosure of state secrets was that he was somehow, I don't know if he was politically organised at all, or he was with some, I don't know what kind of, but it was a regular party of some kind, still legal at that time, authorised. And they, the State Security, I don't know why they chose him, and they wanted him to cooperate, to inform, to be a collaborator for them. So he knew it was all going shit. They pressured him, 'You have small children and the children will want to go to school, so think carefully, because otherwise they won't get anywhere.' So he was under pressure, every solution was wrong, whether he refused them or whether he accepted, so just, what now, what of it, he was unhappy about it and confided in work that he was being pushed like this, that he didn't know what to do, that he was fucked up, he couldn't even think about anything else. And they ratted him out for saying that at work. Probably the colleague that he confided in or someone reported it, and so he was convicted of disclosure because it was a state secret that he was with State Security, would have been, but he wasn't allowed to say that anywhere. He did say it, but then they reclassified it to attempted, like you have, for example, with murder and attempted murder, it has a lower rate. Well, attempted disclosure of state secrets, it wasn't that much, and he served about two and a half years in the Jáchymov region, Ležnice was the name of the camp."

  • "We, as technicians, more or less, kept our distance from them. Of course, whoever ever met anybody underground, those people would greet each other, whether it was a prisoner, whether it was a technician, or whoever, they would greet each other with a Hail God - and it didn't matter if it was a punished person or the plant manager here or whatever. And the relationship was a little bit different, I guess, between the prisoners and the colleagues who worked in the same workplace; they were probably closer in some way. They called each other by name, they didn't make any difference between each other. But still, as technicians, we were on more formal terms with the prisoners, which I suppose wasn't the case between the miners who worked together, right... So we kept a bit of a distance. They were recognisable by the helmet, a mining helmet. They had different colours, so you could tell at a glance that it was a convict, that it was a political prisoner."

  • "I don't know if I was awake or if they woke me up, it doesn't matter. It was around midnight of August 20-21 when we learned in the barracks that the Russians were occupying us, or rather, friendly armies, the Warsaw Pact, but under the leadership of the Russians. Well, nobody knew what was going to happen, what was next; we were soldiers. We knew it was wrong, and so we were perhaps even determined, if something happened, that we would pick up the guns. But nobody knew anything, of course, so it was a bit of a mess. Well, and then it continued, I don't know how far I should expand now. Then the Russians occupied us, tanks around the barracks. The officers were arguing, our officers with their officers. Eventually, they took our weapons into one room. I was with the paratroopers, we had light weapons, we didn't have any tanks or guns or anything like that, but assault rifles, machine guns and so on. So they were locked in one room, but then they camped, there was still a brigade, an airfield in Prostějov, so they camped there. We were talking to them over the fence, arguing with them, but it was hard. We knew Russian, I graduated from Russian, of course, everyone knew Russian at that time, so we argued with them, but it was completely useless..."

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    Příbram, 09.12.2024

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    duration: 02:05:30
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I myself wasn’t bullied by the communists, but I thought of my father, who died prematurely because of them

Ludvík Kolský, graduation photograph, 1966
Ludvík Kolský, graduation photograph, 1966
photo: Witness archive

Ludvík Kolský was born on 24 February 1947 in Příbram as the youngest of three children. His mother had a ladies’ hat shop in Pražská Street, and his father worked as a bank clerk. In the 1950s, his father refused to cooperate with State Security and confided this to his colleagues at work. Someone turned him in, and he spent more than three years in the uranium camps in the Jáchymov region. He died prematurely in the early 1960s. Ludvík Kolský graduated from the secondary industrial school in Příbram, majoring in mineral processing, then worked at the Příbram Ore and Uranium Mines, first as a dosimetrist, later as chief geophysicist. He attended the Příbram Sokol, which continued to operate under the heading of a physical education union, and his sons attended the illegal Brdy pack scout troop, which was run as a hiking troop. Between 1966 and 1968, he served his basic military service in Prostějov with the paratroopers. He studied at the medical school there for half a year and spent the rest of his service as a medic. Here he also experienced the occupation of Czechoslovakia by the Warsaw Pact troops in August 1968, when Soviet soldiers occupied the barracks and confiscated the soldiers’ weapons. After Jan Palach burned to death in January 1969, he and his friends attended his funeral in Prague, leading the procession with the Czechoslovak flag. When the communist regime began to collapse in the autumn of 1989, he took part in protests and meetings in the cultural centre in Příbram. After the uranium mining in Příbram ended in 1991, he moved to the SÚJCHBO (State Institute of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Protection) in Kamenná near Příbram, where he worked as a radon measurer until his retirement. In 1992, he participated in the founding of the Prokop Mining Association. Today, he is a guide at the Anna Mine in the Mining Museum in Příbram. In 2025, he lived in Příbram.